Roman Economy Essay Essay Example

Roman Economy Essay Essay Roman Economy Essay BY lbtondi123 he Economics of the Roman Empire Ancient Rome consisted of a vast area of land, with many natural and human-built resources. Because of this, Romes economy benefited greatly. In addition, production of a variety of items was crucial for a strong economic empire. The economy of the early Republic was largely based on paid labor. However, by the late Republic, the economy was largely dependent on slave labor. Also, Rome had a very well organized system of money. Lastly, Infrastructure was huge in the Romans ability to trade and move efficiently throughout the empire as well. The economics of any strong empire were based on three simple components: production, distribution, and consumption. The Romans were especially successful in building an economically sound empire. As one would think, production is the first step in the process of making a profit. The Romans had a large variety of items that they produced. Examples include iron, lead, leather, marble, olive oil, perfumes, purple dye, silk, silver, spices, timber, tin and wine. They were able to produce most of these items due to their large range of labor, from slave farmers to wealthy merchants. But also, some of their products ere influenced from other cultures inside the empire, such as olives and wine from the Greeks. Romans also had the advantage of obtaining products such as milk and cheese from their domesticated animals, such as cows and goats. The saying, all roads did lead to Rome, is correct in the sense that Rome is located centrally in terms of trade. Having all of these brilliant items in their arsenal was crucial to Roman trade; however, it would mean nothing if they could not get them to their destinations. We will write a custom essay sample on Roman Economy Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Roman Economy Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Roman Economy Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer An astonishing component of the Roman Empire was infrastructure and ultimately heir ability to distribute. The development of infrastructure set the empire apart from the others and proved to be useful in trade. The roads that the Romans built totaled approximately fifty thousand kilometers in length and expanded all over the Mediterranean region. These roads provided easy transport of people and items. Because of the well-built roads, people could get from Britain to Egypt in Just a couple of months, expediting the trading process. In addition to roads, aqueducts were also built to distribute water to the cities. Also, products could be transported y means of sea travel on ships to islands on the water. Lastly, bridges such as the Trajan Bridge in Britain, which spans 1,135 m(l), were built over rivers to even further improve transportation. Due to Roman developments, the Romans were able to expand their trading options substantially, and as a result, the economy was boosted as well. Now that the Romans were able to produce and distribute their items, all that was left was consumption. Because they could reach many different cultures within their system of roads, a wide variety of people lead to an increase of supply and demand. The Romans themselves were also consumers. Imports such as silks from China, cotton and spices from India, ivory and wild animals from Africa, large amounts of world were received by the Romans. In fact, There was no luxury that the ancient world had to offer that the Romans didnt accept themselves(Hardy). On the contrary, these luxuries were only financially available to the wealthy; so, those that were not as wealthy were not able to obtain these luxury imports. The action of obtaining such a large diversity of items from others proved to be helpful in the Roman Empire. Overall, the ancient Roman Empire had all of the key components of economic success. The Romans created a wide variety of items and goods, even creating their own currency system. The infrastructure they created gave them the advantage when it came to distributing product and transportation altogether. In addition, their central location in the large Mediterranean region allowed their range of distribution to be enormous thus, increasing consumption. With the three components of economics: production, distribution, and consumption, the Romans were able to create a superior empire that thrived economically.

coordination essays

coordination essays The Red Badge of Courage Setting: Many battle fields from the Civil War. Summary: The story is about a young man who in rolls into the northern army during the Civil War. Summary: The story is about a young man named Henry who enrolls him self in the Civil War. When he leaves for the war he is a little scared and a little anxious. When he gets to his regiment. He fells a little uncomfortable and he doesnt like all the rules. Then he meats his two friends a old man named Jimmy and a man about his age named Wilson he becomes good friends with both of them. As his army gets near the south he and all the other men start to get anxious. As the army breaks up into their regiments the men become even more anxious finally a man tells Henry that the army is down the river a ways. Henry spreads the word. The army crosses the river and starts to walk. After a few days the regiment starts getting tired and they want to start to fight. The next morning a man man comes back to their campsite and tells them that the army is right across the river. The men get ready for battle. As the men start to come closer they are spotted they fall into position and they start f iring. After a few minutes Henry is scared to death. He runs like a coward into the woods like many other men. Around a hour later he sees his friend jimmy he runs over to him but he was shot and was on the verg of death he illusioning things then he runs away. After that a group of men running by Henry. He tries to stop them but the one who he talks to hits him in the face with a rifle and knocks him out. Hours later during the night he waits up and walks a few miles then finds a campsite and to his luck it is his regiment he finds his friends Wilson and shows him the bump. Then Wilson thinks that Henry got hit during the battle. The next morning that regiment is again in battle after ...

Quantitative easing - Emphasis

Quantitative easing Quantitative easing Look out for the latest innocent-sounding financial buzz-phrase that hides some very big news indeed. This one sounds more benign than sub-prime loans. Yet its effects could be just as far reaching, if not more so. That phrase is quantitative easing. It may sound like the lesson you forgot in physics class, as Gerard Baker of The Times has put it. But its actually what governments do when theyve run out of options. It means, essentially, printing more money. Its what the Japanese central bank did when its economy went belly-up in 2001. (It had already driven interest rates close to zero.) As we write, UK business secretary Lord Mandelson is strongly denying that quantitative easing is even on the agenda. But the US Federal Reserve has already decided to do it, in order to buy up long-term debt. The theory is this lowers the interest rates on these assets, so that loans in general become cheaper and money starts to move around the economy again. A cynic might say that the jargon is there to hide whats really going on, just as collateral damage sounds better than killing innocent civilians. Whether thats true or not, youre likely to hear it more and more soon: when we searched on Google for the (exact) phrase we got well over three hundred thousand results.

Movie Review Essay An Inconvient Truth (with Al Gore)

Movie Review An Inconvient Truth (with Al Gore) - Essay Example The main attraction, however, is the beautiful blend of awesome digital animation, and personal reflections from Gore that add a very nice human element to the film. The way the film mixes the autobiographical elements: from Gore in a classroom in 1968, listening with rapt attention to the great geochemist Roger Revelle explaining the first few years of data on carbon dioxide increases in the atmosphere to the Al Gore on the family farm, talking about his father's tobacco business, and how he shut it down when his daughter (Al Gore's sister) got lung cancer: is simply phenomenal. The natural elan with which Gore carries off his acting makes us realise that here is a man who he is clearly in his element here, talking about something he has cared deeply about for over thirty years. What was most heart warming to notice was the efficient manner in which the film handles science, including reference to some of the very latest research that is going on in contemporary times. Not only are discussions of recent changes in Antarctica and Greenland expertly laid out, but Al Gore also does a very good job in talking about the relationship between sea surface temperature and hurricane intensity.

What is football hooliganism and what social factors underlie it Essay

What is football hooliganism and what social factors underlie it - Essay Example â€Å"Football hooliganism is seen by most to mean violence and/or disorder involving football fans. However there are two very specific types of disorder that have been labeled hooliganism: (a) Spontaneous and usually low level disorder caused by fans at or around football matches (the type that typically occurs at England away matches), and (b) Deliberate and intentional violence involving organized gangs (or firms) who attach themselves to football clubs and fight firms from other clubs, sometimes a long way in time and space from a match.† (Pearson, 2007) Media has always been actively involved in covering disruptions at football matches and tournaments. Media has played a vital rule in making the general public aware of the concept football hooliganism. Media also takes particular interest in reporting events of football hooliganism as these sensational stories are what the audience really wants to hear. Theses events give tabloids exciting happening events involving violence to report about and such stories increases their magazine or newspapers circulation. Therefore, media has been criticized time and again for playing an integral part in provoking football hooliganism. â€Å"Many researchers, and many non-academic observers, have argued that this sensationalism, together with a predictive approach whereby violence at certain matches is anticipated by the media, has actually contributed to the problem.† (SIRC) â€Å"Hooligan formations provide their members with a sense of belonging, mutual solidarity and friendship. Narratives of hooligans reveal how group members claim to ‘look after one another’ and stick together through thick and thin†. (Spaaij, 2006) â€Å"Higher the emotional involvement (represented by high score on the emotionality subscale) the person has with the team, the more likely the individual will cause or participate in incidents.† (Petrà ³czi et al., n.d) â€Å"There are several theories, but most sociologists maintain that

Treaty of Versailles Essay Example for Free

Treaty of Versailles Essay The 1919 Treaty of Versailles was made by George Clemenceau, David Lloyd George and Woodrow Wilson. They were the World War One leaders of France, Great Britain and America respectively, and after the war, made the Treaty to decide what to do with a defeated Germany. Four years of fighting and losses throughout the First World War made decisions difficult, but overall, the Treaty was the best that could have been achieved under the circumstances. The months of arguing, negotiation and compromise that led to the completed Treaty of Versailles were without Germany. She had not been invited to join in in any of the decisions, and the Treaty was presented to the nation on a take-it-or-leave-it basis. This was because the Big Three were arguing with each other so much, and didnt want to seem weak or divided in front of their enemy. Not only did this anger Germany, but there was nothing she could do about it. If the German government refused to sign the Treaty, the war would restart and it would be impossible for them to win. The German leader Friedrich Ebert had to sign it, or inflict inevitable defeat on his country. It was signed on the 28th June 1919. Part of the Treaty was Wilsons League of Nations; his ideal world parliament, to which many of the Germans overseas colonies were given to. Germany was not invited to join until it had shown it was a peace loving country, which insulted them greatly. Another of Wilsons ideas was self-determination for people in Eastern Europe; however German people in the newly-created countries of the other post-war treaties, were treated as second-class citizens and ruled by non-Germans. They thought this was unfair and that the Allies were treating them with double standards. This angered Germany, giving her people another reason for revenge. One of the Treatys other terms was that Germany had to accept full responsibility for starting the war and all of the consequent damage it had caused. Clemenceau and Lloyd George were in favour of this, however Wilson, known for his idealism, believed that Europe as a whole had triggered the war. He was probably right, as America had been an observer for the most part of the war. Germany was outraged at being given all of the blame. The German Count Brockdorff said, We are told that we should acknowledge that we alone are guilty of having caused the war. I would be a liar if I agreed to this. Their army was also restricted to 100,000 volunteers, roughly an twenty times smaller than it had been. The bitter resentment of holding the all of the war guilt hurt the Germans pride, but was also why in the 1930s, Hitlers idea of re-building the German army was so popular. The Treaty did not come down on either side of the fence. Germany was weakened, but no so weakened that it could not rise within a generation to threaten the balance of world power once again, said historian John Sheerer. The Treaty wasnt kind enough so the German people wouldnt be bitter, but not harsh enough to ensure that they wouldnt retaliate. It left the Germans both strong and resentful and the rest of the world in a dangerous position. The Treaty also lost Germany all of its overseas land, ten percent of its territory; population; agricultural land; coal, steel and iron industries; as well as a massive reduction in its army size. The reparations fee was an immense ? 6. 6 billion, which the nation only would have finished paying in 1984, had the fee not been reduced in 1929. Despite this, a treaty the Germans gave to the Russians, the 1918 Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, demonstrated how harsh the Germans would have been if they had won the war. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk stripped Russia of thirty-four percent of its population, thirty-two percent of its agricultural land, fifty-four percent of its industry, twenty-six percent of its railways and eighty-nine percent of its coalmines, as well as a fine of 300 million gold rubles. The Treaty of Versailles seemed harsh, but was very mild in comparison to Brest-Litovsk. Historian Sally Marks adds, The real difficulty was not that the Treaty was exceptionally severe, but that the Germans thought it was, and in time persuaded others it was. Another point of view is Historian Dr. Ruth Henig, who says: The German people were expecting victory not defeat. It was the acknowledgement of defeat as much as the treaty terms themselves, which the found so hard to accept. The Treaty had not been read from cover to cover by anyone when it was presented to the Germans in the spring of 1919. Nobody knew what its cumulative effect would be, and none of the three leaders were satisfied with their work. Maybe if someone had taken the time to read it, or the Germans had been allowed to negotiate with the Big Three, history would be different. However, this may not have been possible. On the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month, the War to End All Wars ended, and the Allies were left with an unstable defeated nation, on the brink of economic and political chaos. The Big Three were under a lot of pressure to get a Treaty together before Germany totally collapsed, and the Treaty of Versailles may have been the best they could have achieved given the time pressure. It was better to come up with a solution, than not have one at all. The whole world was watching them make a decision that could change history, and that must have been stressful for the politicians. The leaders were also being pressured by their countries. Not being dictators, Clemenceau, Lloyd George and Wilson had to represent their peoples views. However, voters often see things in black and white, and in 1919, nothing was different. The citizens of France and England especially wanted to see Germany suffer, but did not understand the complex situation that their leaders did. In fact, George Clemenceau was actually voted out of parliament in 1920 for not being harsh enough on the Germans. Without a doubt, the Treaty was hard to make, and some historians point of view is that Lloyd George and Wilson were forced into agreeing to a harsh treaty. George Clemenceau was famous for being a tough, uncompromising politician, but he also had the moral high-ground. France had been most badly affected by the war. The stomach-turning pictures we see of wounded, shell-shocked soldiers were taken on French soil, not British or American. Large parts of France had been destroyed, and they wanted pay-back. Furthermore, France is geographically closer to Germany than Great Britain or America, and if Germany were to attack, the French would be the first victims. Clemenceau and the French population knew this, and this may have been why a lot of the Treatys terms seem to benefit France; for example, Alsace-Lorraine being returned to France. The Big Three all had very different aims: Lloyd Georges were to weaken Germany, but not cripple it so much, because Germany was Great Britains second biggest trading partner. If they were not able to trade with Germany, many British people would lose their jobs. He also needed France to be rebuilt, as they were long standing allies and when both strong, were useful to each other. As well as this, Lloyd George wanted the Germans to lose their empire, as it threatened the British Empire. Like the British Prime Minister, Wilson didnt want Germany crippled, because he feared that they would want revenge if their punishment were too cruel. He also campaigned for his League of Nations, which would bring world peace; and self determination for the people in Eastern Europe. However, Lloyd George disagreed with this, as self determination in some countries might lead to revolution in the British Commonwealth. Wilsons idea to end all empires obviously didnt go down well with the British or French either. Clemenceau only wanted Germany to be crippled and crushed enough so France wouldnt be attacked. Germany had invaded France twice in the past fifty years, and Clemenceau had been around to witness it both times. He wanted Germany to pay dearly for the damage and suffering it had caused, expand the French industry and to rebuild the towns and villages that had been turned to rubble. This was all going to be hugely expensive. There had to be a compromise. Some of the aims were almost polar opposites, and whichever way it turned out, disappointment was inevitable. If the circumstances had been different, and France, Great Britain and America had all wanted the same things, the Treaty would have been much easier to put together, but this was not the case. With the benefit of hindsight; knowing that the Treaty indirectly caused the Second World War, it is easy to say that the Big Three didnt do enough to maintain the peace they created. There are some elements of the Treaty that could have been handled better (for example, reading it beforehand), but overall, it was the best outcome under the tough circumstances, especially seeing what the Germans would have done if they had been victorious. When you think of the pressure on the politicians, as well as the inevitable anger from the Germans, and three exhausted, arguing, war-weary nations trying to decide what to do with their enemy, the Treaty of Versailles was definitely the best that could have been achieved in 1919.

Abolitionism and Inactivity in Uncle Toms Cabin Essay -- Uncle Toms

The debate raging in the years 1836-1837 over women's proper duties and roles in regards to abolitionism was publicly shaped primarily by two opposing forces: on the one hand, sisters Angelina and Sarah Grimke, abolitionists and champions of women's rights; and on the other, Catharine Beecher, who opposed suffrage and women's involvement in abolitionism and argued in favor of woman's place in the home. After the printing of Angelina Grimkà ©'s pamphlet Appeal to the Christian Women of the Southern States (1836), Grimkà © and Catharine Beecher engaged in a written debate over woman's public role in regards to the slavery issue. Beecher responded to Grimkà ©'s assertions that Southern women should actively protest the system of slavery in her Essay on Slavery and Abolitionism (1837), in which she claimed that women, true to their naturally subordinate natures, were not fit to interfere in such matters. In light of these facts, it is surprising to note that Harriet Beecher Stowe was Catherine Beecher's sister. How could the author of Uncle Tom's Cabin be related to the same woman who wrote Essay on Slavery and Abolitionism-- an anti-abolitionist document which pleaded with women to keep their thoughts on slavery to themselves? In Uncle Tom's Cabin, Stowe not only frames both sides of the debate, but also actively incorporates it into her female characters and into her narrative voice, fictitiously dramatizing the issues with which Grimkà © and Beecher were concerned fifteen years earlier. Uncle Tom's Cabin, if racist by modern standards, is at least clearly anti-slavery: Stowe's intent in writing the novel, as she states in her Preface, is "to awaken sympathy and feeling for the African race, as they exist among us" (Stowe xviii). In her... ...atest need of positive and active role models. In only portraying Northern women who were ultimately able to act (and with Stowe's praise), she ends up perpetuating beliefs that Southern women were naturally unsuited to engage in the abolitionist cause. Works Cited Beecher, Catharine. "Essay on Slavery and Abolitionism." The Limits of Sisterhood: The Beecher Sisters on Women's Rights and Woman's Sphere. ed. Jeanne Boydston et. al. Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina P, 1988. 125-129 Cain, William E., ed. Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Blithedale Romance. Boston: Bedford Books of St. Martin's P, 1996. Grimke, Angelina. "Appeal to the Christian Women of the South." The Public Years of Sarah and Angelina Grimkà ©: Selected Writings 1835- 1839. ed. Larry Ceplair. NY: Columbia U P, 1989. 36-89. Stowe, Harriet Beecher. Uncle Tom's Cabin. NY: Bantam Books, 1981.

Importance of Research Essay

In sending a letter of inquiry, there are considerations that can be established to let the grantor consider the intent for research. The letter will present the main design of the research process which will use the correct psychological metrics in assessing the different attributes of characters. Basically, the first approach is to establish the reference for the identification of counseling techniques. The research will have a conclusive parameter in which the measurements will be undertaken when the actual data collection starts. This will at least create a platform in order to correlate the results of the study and the actual accepted standards used in the counseling industry. Since the main study involves counseling, there should be a standardized basis as to how to interpret client reactions. By the time the metrics are formulated, an actual data gathering will be done using the techniques of survey modeling. A random generation of respondents can be initialized using sampling methods on statistics. Depending on the scope of the study, a particular segment of the population may be used. For example, separate studies can be done according to gender, income, medical history and age. The survey will seek the impressions of selected respondents based on how counseling can influence their decision making capability. The subject will first undergo a counseling session with a designated psycho-analyst and will then be interviewed to get info about the effects of counseling to their attitude and perception in life. In terms of ethical considerations, the real approach of counseling will be used. Since the research will be looking for generative factor effects, then a credible counselor will be hired for the project. Of course, it would be unethical to provide counseling suggestions to the respondents based only on fictional approaches. It may induce them to actually modify their opinions which may create certain dilemmas in their lives. Another ethical aspect may involve the process of disclosing the research process to the respondents. It is very possible that they will provide personal details and opinions within the counseling activities hence compromising their privacy. In order to stay away from possible legal suits, the respondents may be informed of the research. Giving them the assurance of the credibility of the counseling results and their privacy will be of utmost importance. To persuade the grantor, related studies can be presented. Of course, these documents should present the positive outcomes of previous researches which have already made its way on implementing a decision based on the research results. It would be best to inform him that research establishes the technical aspect of proving or disproving a particular â€Å"guess† about a certain interest. No mater what the outcome would be, a research study will let an initiator to improve a certain goal or to divert its intention to prevent a possible contrasting scenario. Just like in the profession of counseling, a researched standard approach for specific clients can optimize the goal of assisting them in resolving their personal concerns. Practically, a research sustains the need for a good and quality knowledge. Even large scale educational institutions agree that research studies play an important role in knowledge development (IDS, 2008). A segmented report from the involved colleges and universities may be submitted to the grantor to inform him of the basic necessity for research studies. References IDS. 2008. Big Ten universities affirm research importance. Indiana Daily Student. Retrieved January 19, 2008 from http://www. idsnews. com/news/story. aspx? id=48060&comview=1

Comparison Fo Marketing Strategies Essay

In this term paper we will compare two companies, Splash of Landmark Group and H&M, two leading fashion retailers in UAE. We will individually analyse the marketing strategies of the two companies and compare them to see which one is more successful in the UAE market. We will also suggest some recommendations for developing their strategies. Both of these companies have equally done very well with their marketing strategies in the past and even better in the year of 2008 while being under the influence of the economies downfall. Sustainability has been the main marketing strategy that has made H&M a highly successful business and continues to do so to this day . In the case of Splash, its marketing strategy consists of aggressive selling with various offers and promotions for its customers. The topic we have chosen to write about is important because Splash and H&M are well-known companies that are popular amongst young consumers. Learning about each marketing strategy will help educate us better on where they stand in the apparel industry in reference to others we know about. Comparing Splash and H&M hopefully will give us a better understanding about the two companies and how we can make their marketing strategies better. In organising our paper we will start out giving the brief overview about the two companies and further proceed to analyse each of their brand positioning, pricing , promotion, e-marketing etc. After the explanation and analysis of each strategy we will proceed to suggest recommendations for improving their strategies. H&M Evolution The history of H&M started with a man named Erling Persson, who was a Swedish former salesman that became fascinated with America’s high-volume efficient outfits that Barneys and Macy’s carried. Persson first discovered the outfits when coming to the United States after World War II. Persson brought the retail concept – that high turnover produced lower prices – and brought it back with him to Sweden. It was then that Erling chose to open his own store which he called Hennes, standing for â€Å"hers† in Swedish. During this time the store only sold women’s clothing. The company Hennes was established in 1947 in Vasteras, Sweden and by 1968 Persson had purchased the men’s sportswear inventory and property of a Stockholm hunting equipment store which was named Mauritz Widforss. Erling Persson then changed the name of his store Hennes to Hennes & Mauritz to express the expansion, and later downgraded to just the abbreviations H&M. By 1970 Hennes & Mauritz developed a children’s clothing line and by 1978 the store offered much of all family clothing. With Hennes & Mauritz offering a wide range of family clothing, it helped the company expand with the new generation of youth wanting to be able to express their individualities. Besides its Scandinavian base, Hennes & Mauritz expanded into the British market by by the later years of the 1990’s H&M realized that their company had better results in their European market than their Scandinavian market. In 2000 H&M finally came to the United States after historically being a European brand and set its dominance. H&M’s is known for being of good quality and of good price. The dresses from the house of H&M are conspicuous for the uniqueness of their designs and an appeal that is slightly off the beaten track. This company has dedicated online stores through which it serves fashion conscious and aesthetically inclined numerous men and women in US, UK and Europe with all the exquisitely designed apparel. SPLASH Evolution Headquartered in Dubai, Splash is the Middle East’s largest fashion retailer and part of the Landmark Group, one of the biggest retail conglomerates in the Middle East and India. Founded in 1993 as a single brand store in Sharjah, Splash has grown to over 125 Splash stores and 50 branded boutiques across ten countries. An ‘Eye’ for the latest global trends in fashion design offered at fabulous value is the soul of Splash which has carved a niche for itself as one of the most successful local players in the region’s high-street fashion category. Splash showcases popular collections for men, women and teens with a wide offering of fashion apparel and accessories to suit the customer’s every lifestyle need. Initially it was mainly a trading company, which used to buy and sell merchandise without any customization of the consumer offering. This trading focus continued till 1998 when the company started to evolve along the buying cycle. This buying focused approach saw Splash differentiate itself by selling products which were carefully selected to suit the needs and style preferences of customers. In the year 2000 the company progressed from a trading setup to a retail based organizational framework. In 2004 Splash started shifting its focus from being buying based, to a more product centric, design oriented approach which corresponded with the change in logo, to reflect the brand’s ambition to compete with the international brands present in the market. Design teams were created and frequent buying trips and trade show visits to every significant show around the world were arranged for the design teams. Splash progressively became a design oriented fashion retailer with a central focus on developing its own style for each collection.

Definition and Examples of Gibberish

Definition and Examples of Gibberish Gibberish is unintelligible, nonsensical, or meaningless language. Similarly, gibberish may refer to speech or writing thats needlessly obscure or pretentious. In this sense, the term is similar to gobbledygook. Gibberish is often used in a playful or creative way- as when a parent speaks to an infant or when a child experiments with combinations of vocal sounds that have no meaning. The word itself is sometimes used as a term of disdain for a foreign or unknown language or for the speech of a particular individual (as in Hes talking gibberish).   Grammalot is a particular type of gibberish that was originally used by medieval jesters and troubadours. According to  Marco Frascari, Grammalot consists of a few real words, interspersed with nonsense syllables mimicking the sound  utterances to convince the audience  that it is a real known language.   Examples Gliddy glup gloopyNibby nabby noopyLa la la lo lo.Sabba sibby sabbaNooby abba nabbaLee lee lo lo.Tooby ooby wallaNooby abba nabbaEarly morning singing song. (Chorus to Good Morning Starshine, by  Galt MacDermot,  James Rado, and  Gerome Ragni. Hair, 1967)Thrippsy pillivinx,Inky tinky pobblebockle abblesquabs? - Flosky! beebul trimble flosky! - Okul scratchabibblebongibo, viddle squibble tog-a-tog, ferrymoyassity amsky flamsky ramsky damsky crocklefether squiggs.Flinkywisty pommSlushypipp  (Edward Lear, letter to  Evelyn Baring, 1862)God what a husband Id make! Yes, I should get married!So much to do! like sneaking into Mr Jones house late at nightand cover his golf clubs with 1920 Norwegian books . . .And when the milkman comes leave him a note in the bottlePenguin dust, bring me penguin dust, I want penguin dust. (Gregory Corso, Marriage, 1958)Lt. Abbie Mills: Chopping down a Christmas tree?Ichabod Crane: Altogether a nonsensical concept. Celebrating Yuletide with a titu lar display of lumber.Lt. Abbie Mills: Wow. Bah-humbug to you too, Ebenezer.Ichabod Crane: That was all gibberish.Lt. Abbie Mills: Scrooge. A Dickensian character. A grump. (The Golem, Sleepy Hollow, 2013) Still through the hawthorn blows the cold wind:Says suum, mun, ha, no, nonny.Dolphin my boy, my boy, sessa! let him trot by. (Edgar in William Shakespeares  King Lear, Act 3, Scene 4)I encourage teachers to speak in their own voices. Dont use the gibberish of the standards writers. (Jonathan Kozol in an interview with  Anna Mundow, The Advocate of Teaching Over Testing. The Boston Globe, October 21, 2007)   Etymology of Gibberish - The exact origin of  the word gibberish  is unknown, but one explanation traces its beginnings to an eleventh-century Arab named Geber, who practiced a form of magical chemistry called alchemy. To avoid getting into trouble with church officials, he invented strange terms that prevented others from understanding what he was doing. His mysterious language (Geberish) may have given rise to the word gibberish. (Laraine Flemming, Words Count, 2nd ed. Cengage, 2015) - Etymologists have been scratching their heads over [the origin of the word gibberish] almost since it first appeared in the language in the middle 1500s. There’s a set of words- gibber, jibber, jabber, gobble and gab (as in gift of the gab)- that may be related attempts at imitating incomprehensible utterances. But how they arrived and in what order is unknown. (Michael Quinion, World Wide Words, October 3, 2015) Charlie Chaplins Gibberish in The Great Dictator   - [Charlie] Chaplins performance as Hynkel [in the film The Great Dictator] is a tour de force, one of his greatest performances of all, and certainly his greatest performance in a sound film.* He is able to get around the arbitrary and limited meaning which dialogue implies by screeching his vaudevillian German doubletalk of utter gibberishthe result is sound without defined meaning...the finest weapon by which to satirize the disturbing and disturbed speeches of Hitler as seen in the newsreels. (Kyp Harness,  The Art of Charlie Chaplin. McFarland, 2008)- Gibberish captures that foundational static out of which wording arises...[I]t is my view that gibberish is an education onto the relation of sound to speech, sense to nonsense; it reminds us of the primary phonetic noise by which we learn to articulate, and from which we might draw from again, in acts of parody, poetry, romance, or storytelling, as well as through the simple pleasures of a disordered semantic.Here Id like to bring into consideration Charlie Chaplins use of gibberish in the film The Great Dictator. Produced in 1940 as a critical parody of Hitler, and the rise of the Nazi regime in Germany, Chaplin uses the voice as a primary vehicle for staging the brutal absurdity of the dictators ideological views. This appears immediately in the opening scene, where the first lines spoken by the dictator (as well as by Chaplin, as this was his first talking film) wields an unforgettable force of effusive gibberish: Democrazie schtunk! Liberty schtunk! Freisprechen schtunk! Chaplins nonsensical enactments throughout the film highlight language as a material susceptible to mutation, appropriation, and poetical transfiguration that no less delivers potent meaning. Such oral moves on the part of Chaplin reveal to what degree gibberish may perform to supply the thrust of speech with the power of critique. (Brandon LaBelle,  Lexicon of the Mouth: Poetics and Politics of Voice and the Oral Imaginary. Bloomsbury, 2014) Frank McCourt on Gibberish and Grammar If you said to someone, John store to the went, theyd think it was gibberish.Whats gibberish?Language that makes no sense.I had a sudden idea, a flash. Psychology is the study of the way people behave. Grammar is the study of the way language behaves...I pushed it. If someone acts crazy, the psychologist studies them to find out whats wrong. If someone talks in a funny way and you cant understand them, then youre thinking about grammar. Like,  John store to the went...No stopping me now. I said,  Store the to went John. Does that make sense? Of course not. So you see, you have to have words in their proper order. Proper order means meaning and if you dont have meaning youre babbling and the men in the white coats come and take you away. They stick you in the gibberish department of Bellevue. Thats grammar. (Frank McCourt,  Teacher Man: A Memoir. Scribners, 2005) The Lighter Side of Gibberish Homer Simpson: Listen to the man, Marge. He pays Barts salary. Marge Simpson: No, he doesnt. Homer Simpson: Why dont you ever support my gibberish? Id do it if you were stupid.(How Munched Is That Birdie in the Window? The Simpsons, 2010)

Charlie Parker

A discussion of the life and works of Jazz musician Charlie Parker and the influence he had in the field. This paper sheds light on important aspects of Charlie Parkers life and times. It introduces a jazz musician who completely transformed this type of music through his talent, originality and improvisation skills. The paper discusses the changes that he brought into jazz styles and also focuses on Parkers influence on society and economy of his days. For this reason, many magazine articles and few books were consulted and research in this paper is appropriately supported by expert views and comments. Charlie Parkers name is synonymous with innovation in jazz music. This is because in his short life of 34 years, the man was able to transform the world of music by introducing new and better tunes and jazz styles that made him immortal. Charlie Parker was born in 1920 in Kansas City but later moved to New York where he found a more intelligent audience that appreciated his alto sax tunes and helped him in discovering new techniques including the famous Bebop. Bebop was probably the greatest achievement of this man and this jazz style became extremely popularly in that era. It is important to understand that this man was not simply a musician but was a legend in himself because not only did he transform Jazz, he also created awareness regarding this type of music. It was because of him that Americans from every social class started taking an interest in this kind of music and thus the man left an indelible mark on the United States and not particularly its one field.

WalMart Merger Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

WalMart Merger - Assignment Example The paper has been divided into two main parts: the first part mainly dealing with the Retail Industry, the major players, their production schemes, and their impact on the consumers and society overall. The second part deals with the advantages and disadvantages the firms might have because of the merger. PART I: INTRODUCTION Oligopoly is characterized as consisting of a small number of large sellers, being called the ‘Competitive Fringe’, with a few big firms dominating the entire industry’s production (Lipsey, 2004). These big firms, act as the trend-setters in terms of price and output, and are a major reflection of the entire Market. In this instance, the Retail market, is characterized by one big firm – Wal-Mart, with smaller firms either adhering to an acquisition or a merger, for their benefit. For example, in the United Kingdom, the Big Five Banks – Barclays, Lloyds TSB, Royal Bank of Scotland, HSBC and HBOS - dominate the Banking Sector. Si milarly, there are many small departmental stores, selling retail products, but a dominant few, like Sainsbury, Asda and Tesco, taking over the entire nation. The small firms, then, sometimes, find it profitable to merge, consolidate, co-operate or be purchased by the Big One. SALES, OPERATIONS AND FIRMS IN THE MERGER According to Forbes Global 2000 list, Wal-Mart is the world’s 18th largest public corporation, and the world’s largest corporation when it comes to annual revenue ($421.849 billion), with its international operations accounting for 26.1 % of its total sales, and a gross profit margin of 24.7%, running chains of discounted departmental stores and warehouse stores. With a total of 8500 stores in 15 different countries, with 55 different names, Wal-Mart extends its operations in nine different retail formats, including general merchandise, food and drugs, Super Center, small markets, cash and carry stores, membership warehouse clubs, apparel stores, discount stores and restaurants (Holdings, 2011). VERTICAL INTEGRATION: REASONS TO CONSOLIDATE A lot of consolidation has been seen among retailers and retails chains, over the past couple of decades, with 40,788 mergers & acquisitions having been announced only between 1988 and 2010. The main reasons behind the consolidation of firms in the industry may be due to: 1. Economies of Scale: This refers to a significant decrease in the fixed cost of the merging firms by the removal of duplicate or extensive operations; 2. Economies of Scope: Economies of scope exist due to the alteration of method of the distribution and the marketing of products. For instance, two homogeneous products may have been advertised in a similar way previously, but now they are not; 3. Vertical Integration: This primarily means the merging of two or more firms from the same industry results in increasing profits and a larger consumer surplus than before, implying a decrease in the deadweight loss. This is done by the firms deciding on a particular amount of output, and then sticking to that output level; 4. Investment benefits: The merged firms have higher chances of receiving greater benefits when it comes to Investment, because of the name of the big firm attached to it. Sensing financial stability, the smaller firms, once a part of the big firm, are viewed as being stable, and thus attract a larger number of investors. There